Ismail Kadare was born in 1936 in Gjirokaster, in the south of Albania. He studied in Tirana and Moscow, returning to Albania in 1960 after the country broke ties with the Soviet Union. He became a journalist and published poet, and his first novel, The General of the Dead Army, established him as a respected writer. Translations of his novels have since been published in more than forty countries, and in 2005 he became the first winner of the Man Booker International Prize.